Milvus: Unauthenticated Access to Restful API on Metrics Port (9091) Leads to Critical System Compromise
Milvus exposes TCP port 9091 by default with two critical authentication bypass vulnerabilities: The /expr debug endpoint uses a weak, predictable default authentication token derived from etcd.rootPath (default: by-dev), enabling arbitrary expression evaluation. The full REST API (/api/v1/*) is registered on the metrics/management port without any authentication, allowing unauthenticated access to all business operations including data manipulation and credential management.