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CVE-2026-48511: MessagePack-CSharp: ExpandoObject formatter can perform quadratic insertion work on untrusted maps

June 25, 2026

ExpandoObjectFormatter.Deserialize populates System.Dynamic.ExpandoObject by calling IDictionary<string, object>.Add for each map entry. ExpandoObject internally maintains member names in array-like structures, so inserting many distinct keys can require repeated linear scans and array copies.

For large attacker-controlled maps, this produces quadratic CPU and allocation behavior. The issue is especially surprising because ExpandoObjectResolver.Options is configured with MessagePackSecurity.UntrustedData, but collision-resistant dictionary comparers cannot protect ExpandoObject insertion internals.

References

  • github.com/MessagePack-CSharp/MessagePack-CSharp/security/advisories/GHSA-2x83-8g95-xh59
  • github.com/advisories/GHSA-2x83-8g95-xh59
  • nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48511

Code Behaviors & Features

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Affected versions

All versions before 2.5.301, all versions starting from 3.0.0 before 3.1.7

Fixed versions

  • 2.5.301
  • 3.1.7

Solution

Upgrade to versions 2.5.301, 3.1.7 or above.

Impact 7.5 HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Learn more about CVSS

Weakness

  • CWE-407: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity

Source file

nuget/MessagePack/CVE-2026-48511.yml

Spotted a mistake? Edit the file on GitLab.

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