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CVE-2025-69873: ajv has ReDoS when using `$data` option

February 11, 2026 (updated March 2, 2026)

ajv (Another JSON Schema Validator) through version 8.17.1 is vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) when the $data option is enabled. The pattern keyword accepts runtime data via JSON Pointer syntax ($data reference), which is passed directly to the JavaScript RegExp() constructor without validation. An attacker can inject a malicious regex pattern (e.g., \"^(a|a)*$\") combined with crafted input to cause catastrophic backtracking. A 31-character payload causes approximately 44 seconds of CPU blocking, with each additional character doubling execution time. This enables complete denial of service with a single HTTP request against any API using ajv with $data: true for dynamic schema validation.

References

  • github.com/EthanKim88/ethan-cve-disclosures/blob/main/CVE-2025-69873-ajv-ReDoS.md
  • github.com/advisories/GHSA-2g4f-4pwh-qvx6
  • github.com/ajv-validator/ajv
  • github.com/ajv-validator/ajv/commit/720a23fa453ffae8340e92c9b0fe886c54cfe0d5
  • github.com/ajv-validator/ajv/pull/2586
  • github.com/ajv-validator/ajv/pull/2588
  • github.com/ajv-validator/ajv/pull/2590
  • github.com/ajv-validator/ajv/releases/tag/v6.14.0
  • github.com/ajv-validator/ajv/releases/tag/v8.18.0
  • github.com/github/advisory-database/pull/6991
  • nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69873

Code Behaviors & Features

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Affected versions

All versions before 6.14.0, all versions starting from 7.0.0-alpha.0 before 8.18.0

Fixed versions

  • 8.18.0
  • 6.14.0

Solution

Upgrade to versions 6.14.0, 8.18.0 or above.

Impact 2.9 LOW

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

Learn more about CVSS

Weakness

  • CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  • CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Source file

npm/ajv/CVE-2025-69873.yml

Spotted a mistake? Edit the file on GitLab.

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