CVE-2026-12860: RSA PKCS#1 verification skips last two hash bytes in NULL-omitted path
(updated )
Affects Bouncy Castle for Java before 1.85. RSADigestSigner.verifySignature() mis-computes the comparison offset in the branch handling DigestInfo encoded without NULL AlgorithmIdentifier parameters, leaving the final two hash bytes unchecked. A signature using that encoding is accepted for any message whose digest matches in all but the last two bytes, reducing second-preimage work by a factor of 2^16. The path is reachable by default from TLS, PKIX, CMS and OpenPGP RSA verification.
References
Code Behaviors & Features
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