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  5. CVE-2026-46403

CVE-2026-46403: Klever-Go KVM read-only execution can commit contract delete and upgrade side effects

May 21, 2026

KVM exposes ExecuteReadOnlyWithTypedArguments as a read-only execution mechanism. The hook saves the previous read-only state, sets runtime.SetReadOnly(true), executes the destination context, and then restores the previous read-only state. However, the indirect contract delete and upgrade paths do not reject execution when runtime.ReadOnly() is true. As a result, a contract reached through read-only execution can call the production delete hook for a target contract it owns. The delete path appends the target address to vmOutput.DeletedAccounts, the output context merges DeletedAccounts into the caller output, and the smart contract processor later processes the VM output by deleting accounts listed in that field.

The root cause is that read-only mode is applied as runtime state, but not enforced by the state-changing delete and upgrade host-core paths. This breaks the expected isolation boundary for workflows that rely on read-only calls to inspect another contract without allowing that callee to produce state-changing VM output.

References

  • github.com/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33
  • github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862
  • github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/68b94a40824fac2d848a4ded6eb7c91ada6ce9ef
  • github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33
  • nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46403

Code Behaviors & Features

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Affected versions

All versions before 1.7.17

Fixed versions

  • 1.7.17

Solution

Upgrade to version 1.7.17 or above.

Impact 6.3 MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N

Learn more about CVSS

Weakness

  • CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure

Source file

go/github.com/klever-io/klever-go/CVE-2026-46403.yml

Spotted a mistake? Edit the file on GitLab.

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