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CVE-2025-61921: Sinatra is vulnerable to ReDoS through ETag header value generation

October 10, 2025 (updated November 10, 2025)

There is a denial of service vulnerability in the If-Match and If-None-Match header parsing component of Sinatra, if the etag method is used when constructing the response and you are using Ruby < 3.2.

References

  • bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/19104
  • github.com/advisories/GHSA-mr3q-g2mv-mr4q
  • github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/sinatra/CVE-2025-61921.yml
  • github.com/sinatra/sinatra
  • github.com/sinatra/sinatra/commit/3fe8c38dc405586f7ad8f2ac748aa53e9c3615bd
  • github.com/sinatra/sinatra/commit/8ff496bd4877520599e1479d6efead39304edceb
  • github.com/sinatra/sinatra/issues/2120
  • github.com/sinatra/sinatra/pull/1823
  • github.com/sinatra/sinatra/pull/2121
  • github.com/sinatra/sinatra/security/advisories/GHSA-mr3q-g2mv-mr4q
  • nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61921

Code Behaviors & Features

Detect and mitigate CVE-2025-61921 with GitLab Dependency Scanning

Secure your software supply chain by verifying that all open source dependencies used in your projects contain no disclosed vulnerabilities. Dependency Scanning using SBOM also detects vulnerabilities from proprietary advisories that this site does not include. Learn more about Dependency Scanning using SBOM →

Affected versions

All versions before 4.2.0

Fixed versions

  • 4.2.0

Solution

Upgrade to version 4.2.0 or above.

Impact 5.3 MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

Learn more about CVSS

Weakness

  • CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  • CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Source file

gem/sinatra/CVE-2025-61921.yml

Spotted a mistake? Edit the file on GitLab.

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