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  5. CVE-2026-34068

CVE-2026-34068: nimiq-transaction: UpdateValidator transactions allows voting key change without proof-of-knowledge

April 22, 2026 (updated April 27, 2026)

The staking contract accepts UpdateValidator transactions that set new_voting_key=Some(...) while omitting new_proof_of_knowledge. this skips the proof-of-knowledge requirement that is needed to prevent BLS rogue-key attacks when public keys are aggregated.

Because tendermint macro block justification verification aggregates validator voting keys and verifies a single aggregated BLS signature against that aggregate public key, a rogue-key voting key in the validator set can allow an attacker to forge a quorum-looking justification while only producing a single signature.

While the impact is critical, the exploitability is low: The voting keys are fixed for the epoch, so the attacker would need to know the next epoch validator set (chosen through VRF), which is unlikely.

References

  • github.com/advisories/GHSA-pf4j-pf3w-95f9
  • github.com/nimiq/core-rs-albatross/commit/e7f0ab7d2115e17d6e5548ddc60f10df1a5d645f
  • github.com/nimiq/core-rs-albatross/pull/3654
  • github.com/nimiq/core-rs-albatross/releases/tag/v1.3.0
  • github.com/nimiq/core-rs-albatross/security/advisories/GHSA-pf4j-pf3w-95f9
  • nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34068

Code Behaviors & Features

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Affected versions

All versions up to 0.2.0

Solution

Unfortunately, there is no solution available yet.

Impact 6.8 MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N

Learn more about CVSS

Weakness

  • CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

Source file

cargo/nimiq-transaction/CVE-2026-34068.yml

Spotted a mistake? Edit the file on GitLab.

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