Advisories

Apr 2026

OAuth 2.1 Provider: Unprivileged users can register OAuth clients

An authorization bypass in the OAuth provider allows any authenticated low-privilege user to create OAuth clients even when the deployment configures clientPrivileges to restrict client creation. The option contract explicitly includes a create action, but the create paths never invoke that callback, so applications that rely on clientPrivileges for RBAC can be silently misconfigured into allowing unauthorized client registration.

OAuth 2.1 Provider: Unprivileged users can register OAuth clients

The clientPrivileges option documents a create action, but the OAuth client creation endpoints did not invoke the hook before persisting new clients. Deployments that configured clientPrivileges to restrict client registration were not actually restricted — any authenticated user could reach the create endpoints and register an OAuth client with attacker-chosen redirect URIs and metadata. Non-create operations (read, list, update, delete, rotate) enforced the hook correctly. Only the create path was …

Mojic: Observable Timing Discrepancy in HMAC Verification

The CipherEngine in Mojic v2.1.3 uses a standard equality operator (!==) to verify the HMAC-SHA256 integrity seal during the decryption phase. This creates an Observable Timing Discrepancy (CWE-208), allowing a potential attacker to bypass the file integrity check via a timing attack.

Meridian: Multiple defense-in-depth gaps (collection/depth caps, telemetry, retry, fan-out)

Meridian v2.1.0 (Meridian.Mapping and Meridian.Mediator) shipped with nine defense-in-depth gaps reachable through its public APIs. Two are HIGH severity — the advertised DefaultMaxCollectionItems and DefaultMaxDepth safety caps are silently bypassed on the IMapper.Map(source, destination) overload and anywhere .UseDestinationValue() is configured on a collection-typed property. Four are MEDIUM (constructor invariant bypass, OpenTelemetry stack-trace info disclosure, retry amplification, notification fan-out amplification). Three are LOW (exception message disclosure, dictionary duplicate-key echo, static mediator …

Meridian: Multiple defense-in-depth gaps (collection/depth caps, telemetry, retry, fan-out)

Meridian v2.1.0 (Meridian.Mapping and Meridian.Mediator) shipped with nine defense-in-depth gaps reachable through its public APIs. Two are HIGH severity — the advertised DefaultMaxCollectionItems and DefaultMaxDepth safety caps are silently bypassed on the IMapper.Map(source, destination) overload and anywhere .UseDestinationValue() is configured on a collection-typed property. Four are MEDIUM (constructor invariant bypass, OpenTelemetry stack-trace info disclosure, retry amplification, notification fan-out amplification). Three are LOW (exception message disclosure, dictionary duplicate-key echo, static mediator …

Mako: Path traversal via double-slash URI prefix in TemplateLookup

TemplateLookup.get_template() is vulnerable to path traversal when a URI starts with // (e.g., //../../../secret.txt). The root cause is an inconsistency between two slash-stripping implementations: Template.init strips one leading / using if/slice TemplateLookup.get_template() strips all leading / using re.sub(r"^/+", "") When a URI like //../../../../etc/passwd is passed: get_template() strips all / → ../../../../etc/passwd → file found via posixpath.join(dir_, u) Template.init strips one / → /../../../../etc/passwd → normpath → /etc/passwd /etc/passwd.startswith(..) → …

Mako: Path traversal via double-slash URI prefix in TemplateLookup

TemplateLookup.get_template() is vulnerable to path traversal when a URI starts with // (e.g., //../../../secret.txt). The root cause is an inconsistency between two slash-stripping implementations: Template.init strips one leading / using if/slice TemplateLookup.get_template() strips all leading / using re.sub(r"^/+", "") When a URI like //../../../../etc/passwd is passed: get_template() strips all / → ../../../../etc/passwd → file found via posixpath.join(dir_, u) Template.init strips one / → /../../../../etc/passwd → normpath → /etc/passwd /etc/passwd.startswith(..) → …

LangSmith SDK: Streaming token events bypass output redaction

The LangSmith SDK's output redaction controls (hideOutputs in JS, hide_outputs in Python) do not apply to streaming token events. When an LLM run produces streaming output, each chunk is recorded as a new_token event containing the raw token value. These events bypass the redaction pipeline entirely — prepareRunCreateOrUpdateInputs (JS) and _hide_run_outputs (Python) only process the inputs and outputs fields on a run, never the events array. As a result, applications …

LangSmith SDK: Streaming token events bypass output redaction

The LangSmith SDK's output redaction controls (hideOutputs in JS, hide_outputs in Python) do not apply to streaming token events. When an LLM run produces streaming output, each chunk is recorded as a new_token event containing the raw token value. These events bypass the redaction pipeline entirely — prepareRunCreateOrUpdateInputs (JS) and _hide_run_outputs (Python) only process the inputs and outputs fields on a run, never the events array. As a result, applications …

LangSmith SDK: Streaming token events bypass output redaction

The LangSmith SDK's output redaction controls (hideOutputs in JS, hide_outputs in Python) do not apply to streaming token events. When an LLM run produces streaming output, each chunk is recorded as a new_token event containing the raw token value. These events bypass the redaction pipeline entirely — prepareRunCreateOrUpdateInputs (JS) and _hide_run_outputs (Python) only process the inputs and outputs fields on a run, never the events array. As a result, applications …

LangSmith SDK: Streaming token events bypass output redaction

The LangSmith SDK's output redaction controls (hideOutputs in JS, hide_outputs in Python) do not apply to streaming token events. When an LLM run produces streaming output, each chunk is recorded as a new_token event containing the raw token value. These events bypass the redaction pipeline entirely — prepareRunCreateOrUpdateInputs (JS) and _hide_run_outputs (Python) only process the inputs and outputs fields on a run, never the events array. As a result, applications …

langchain-openai: Image token counting SSRF protection can be bypassed via DNS rebinding

langchain-openai's _url_to_size() helper (used by get_num_tokens_from_messages for image token counting) validated URLs for SSRF protection and then fetched them in a separate network operation with independent DNS resolution. This left a TOCTOU / DNS rebinding window: an attacker-controlled hostname could resolve to a public IP during validation and then to a private/localhost IP during the actual fetch. The practical impact is limited because the fetched response body is passed directly …

langchain-openai: Image token counting SSRF protection can be bypassed via DNS rebinding

langchain-openai's _url_to_size() helper (used by get_num_tokens_from_messages for image token counting) validated URLs for SSRF protection and then fetched them in a separate network operation with independent DNS resolution. This left a TOCTOU / DNS rebinding window: an attacker-controlled hostname could resolve to a public IP during validation and then to a private/localhost IP during the actual fetch. The practical impact is limited because the fetched response body is passed directly …

LangChain Text Splitters: HTMLHeaderTextSplitter.split_text_from_url SSRF Redirect Bypass

HTMLHeaderTextSplitter.split_text_from_url() validated the initial URL using validate_safe_url() but then performed the fetch with requests.get() with redirects enabled (the default). Because redirect targets were not revalidated, a URL pointing to an attacker-controlled server could redirect to internal, localhost, or cloud metadata endpoints, bypassing SSRF protections. The response body is parsed and returned as Document objects to the calling application code. Whether this constitutes a data exfiltration path depends on the application: …

LangChain Text Splitters: HTMLHeaderTextSplitter.split_text_from_url SSRF Redirect Bypass

HTMLHeaderTextSplitter.split_text_from_url() validated the initial URL using validate_safe_url() but then performed the fetch with requests.get() with redirects enabled (the default). Because redirect targets were not revalidated, a URL pointing to an attacker-controlled server could redirect to internal, localhost, or cloud metadata endpoints, bypassing SSRF protections. The response body is parsed and returned as Document objects to the calling application code. Whether this constitutes a data exfiltration path depends on the application: …

Kyverno: ServiceAccount token leaked to external servers via apiCall service URL

Kyverno's apiCall feature in ClusterPolicy automatically attaches the admission controller's ServiceAccount token to outgoing HTTP requests. The service URL has no validation — it can point anywhere, including attacker-controlled servers. Since the admission controller SA has permissions to patch webhook configurations, a stolen token leads to full cluster compromise.

Kyverno: ServiceAccount token leaked to external servers via apiCall service URL

Kyverno's apiCall feature in ClusterPolicy automatically attaches the admission controller's ServiceAccount token to outgoing HTTP requests. The service URL has no validation — it can point anywhere, including attacker-controlled servers. Since the admission controller SA has permissions to patch webhook configurations, a stolen token leads to full cluster compromise.

Kyverno: Cross-Namespace Read Bypasses RBAC Isolation (CVE-2026-22039 Incomplete Fix)

CVE-2026-22039 fixed cross-namespace privilege escalation in Kyverno's apiCall context by validating the URLPath field. However, the ConfigMap context loader has the identical vulnerability — the configMap.namespace field accepts any namespace with zero validation, allowing a namespace admin to read ConfigMaps from any namespace using Kyverno's privileged service account. This is a complete RBAC bypass in multi-tenant Kubernetes clusters.

Kyverno: Cross-Namespace Read Bypasses RBAC Isolation (CVE-2026-22039 Incomplete Fix)

CVE-2026-22039 fixed cross-namespace privilege escalation in Kyverno's apiCall context by validating the URLPath field. However, the ConfigMap context loader has the identical vulnerability — the configMap.namespace field accepts any namespace with zero validation, allowing a namespace admin to read ConfigMaps from any namespace using Kyverno's privileged service account. This is a complete RBAC bypass in multi-tenant Kubernetes clusters.

Kyverno apiCall automatically forwards ServiceAccount token to external endpoints (credential leak)

Kyverno's apiCall service mode automatically attaches the admission controller's ServiceAccount (SA) token to outbound HTTP requests. This results in unintended credential exposure when requests are sent to external or attacker-controlled endpoints. The behavior is insecure-by-default and not documented, enabling token exfiltration without requiring policy authors to explicitly opt in.

Istio: SSRF via RequestAuthentication jwksUri

When a RequestAuthentication resource is created with a jwksUri pointing to an internal service, istiod makes an unauthenticated HTTP GET request to that URL without filtering out localhost or link local ips. This can result in sensitive data being distributed to Envoy proxies via xDS configuration. Note: a partial mitigation for this was released in 1.29.1, 128.5, and 1.27.8; however, it was incomplete and missed a few codepaths. 1.29.2 and …

Istio: SSRF via RequestAuthentication jwksUri

When a RequestAuthentication resource is created with a jwksUri pointing to an internal service, istiod makes an unauthenticated HTTP GET request to that URL without filtering out localhost or link local ips. This can result in sensitive data being distributed to Envoy proxies via xDS configuration. Note: a partial mitigation for this was released in 1.29.1, 128.5, and 1.27.8; however, it was incomplete and missed a few codepaths. 1.29.2 and …

Istio: AuthorizationPolicy serviceAccounts regex injection via unescaped dots

The serviceAccounts and notServiceAccounts fields in AuthorizationPolicy incorrectly interpret dots (.) as a regular expression matcher. Because . is a valid character in a service account name, an AuthorizationPolicy ALLOW rule targeting SA e.g. cert-manager.io also matches cert-manager-io, cert-managerXio, etc. A DENY rule targeting the same name fails to block those variants.

Home Assistant Command-line Interface: Handling of user-supplied Jinja2 templates

Up to 1.0.0 of home-assitant-cli (or hass-cli for short) an unrestricted environment was used to handle Jninja2 templates instead of a sandboxed one. The user-supplied input within Jinja2 templates was rendered locally with no restrictions. This gave users access to Python's internals and extended the scope of templating beyond the intended usage. E. g., it was possible to render a template with hass-cli template bad-template.j2 –local that contained entries like …

goodoneuz/pay-uz: the /payment/api/editable/update endpoint overwrites existing PHP payment hook files

The goodoneuz/pay-uz Laravel package (<= 2.2.24) contains a critical vulnerability in the /payment/api/editable/update endpoint that allows unauthenticated attackers to overwrite existing PHP payment hook files. The endpoint is exposed via Route::any() without authentication middleware, enabling remote access without credentials. User-controlled input is directly written into executable PHP files using file_put_contents(). These files are later executed via require() during normal payment processing workflows, resulting in remote code execution under default application …

Froxlor has Local File Inclusion via path traversal in API `def_language` parameter leads to Remote Code Execution

The Froxlor API endpoint Customers.update (and Admins.update) does not validate the def_language parameter against the list of available language files. An authenticated customer can set def_language to a path traversal payload (e.g., ../../../../../var/customers/webs/customer1/evil), which is stored in the database. On subsequent requests, Language::loadLanguage() constructs a file path using this value and executes it via require, achieving arbitrary PHP code execution as the web server user.

Froxlor has Local File Inclusion via path traversal in API `def_language` parameter leads to Remote Code Execution

The Froxlor API endpoint Customers.update (and Admins.update) does not validate the def_language parameter against the list of available language files. An authenticated customer can set def_language to a path traversal payload (e.g., ../../../../../var/customers/webs/customer1/evil), which is stored in the database. On subsequent requests, Language::loadLanguage() constructs a file path using this value and executes it via require, achieving arbitrary PHP code execution as the web server user.

Froxlor has Incomplete Symlink Validation in DataDump.add() Allows Arbitrary Directory Ownership Takeover via Cron

DataDump.add() constructs the export destination path from user-supplied input without passing the $fixed_homedir parameter to FileDir::makeCorrectDir(), bypassing the symlink validation that was added to all other customer-facing path operations (likely as the fix for CVE-2023-6069). When the ExportCron runs as root, it executes chown -R on the resolved symlink target, allowing a customer to take ownership of arbitrary directories on the system.

Froxlor has Incomplete Symlink Validation in DataDump.add() Allows Arbitrary Directory Ownership Takeover via Cron

DataDump.add() constructs the export destination path from user-supplied input without passing the $fixed_homedir parameter to FileDir::makeCorrectDir(), bypassing the symlink validation that was added to all other customer-facing path operations (likely as the fix for CVE-2023-6069). When the ExportCron runs as root, it executes chown -R on the resolved symlink target, allowing a customer to take ownership of arbitrary directories on the system.

Froxlor has an Email Sender Alias Domain Ownership Bypass via Wrong Array Index Allows Cross-Customer Email Spoofing

In EmailSender::add(), the domain ownership validation for full email sender aliases uses the wrong array index when splitting the email address, passing the local part instead of the domain to validateLocalDomainOwnership(). This causes the ownership check to always pass for non-existent "domains," allowing any authenticated customer to add sender aliases for email addresses on domains belonging to other customers. Postfix's sender_login_maps then authorizes the attacker to send emails as those …

Froxlor has an Email Sender Alias Domain Ownership Bypass via Wrong Array Index Allows Cross-Customer Email Spoofing

In EmailSender::add(), the domain ownership validation for full email sender aliases uses the wrong array index when splitting the email address, passing the local part instead of the domain to validateLocalDomainOwnership(). This causes the ownership check to always pass for non-existent "domains," allowing any authenticated customer to add sender aliases for email addresses on domains belonging to other customers. Postfix's sender_login_maps then authorizes the attacker to send emails as those …

Froxlor has a Reseller Domain Quota Bypass via Unvalidated adminid Parameter in Domains.add()

In Domains.add(), the adminid parameter is accepted from user input and used without validation when the calling reseller does not have the customers_see_all permission. This allows a reseller to attribute newly created domains to any other admin, bypassing their own domain quota (since the wrong admin's domains_used counter is incremented) and potentially exhausting another admin's quota.

Froxlor has a Reseller Domain Quota Bypass via Unvalidated adminid Parameter in Domains.add()

In Domains.add(), the adminid parameter is accepted from user input and used without validation when the calling reseller does not have the customers_see_all permission. This allows a reseller to attribute newly created domains to any other admin, bypassing their own domain quota (since the wrong admin's domains_used counter is incremented) and potentially exhausting another admin's quota.

Froxlor has a PHP Code Injection via Unescaped Single Quotes in userdata.inc.php Generation (MysqlServer API)

PhpHelper::parseArrayToString() writes string values into single-quoted PHP string literals without escaping single quotes. When an admin with change_serversettings permission adds or updates a MySQL server via the API, the privileged_user parameter (which has no input validation) is written unescaped into lib/userdata.inc.php. Since this file is required on every request via Database::getDB(), an attacker can inject arbitrary PHP code that executes as the web server user on every subsequent page load.

Froxlor has a PHP Code Injection via Unescaped Single Quotes in userdata.inc.php Generation (MysqlServer API)

PhpHelper::parseArrayToString() writes string values into single-quoted PHP string literals without escaping single quotes. When an admin with change_serversettings permission adds or updates a MySQL server via the API, the privileged_user parameter (which has no input validation) is written unescaped into lib/userdata.inc.php. Since this file is required on every request via Database::getDB(), an attacker can inject arbitrary PHP code that executes as the web server user on every subsequent page load.

Froxlor has a BIND Zone File Injection via Unsanitized DNS Record Content in DomainZones::add()

DomainZones::add() accepts arbitrary DNS record types without a whitelist and does not sanitize newline characters in the content field. When a DNS type not covered by the if/elseif validation chain is submitted (e.g., NAPTR, PTR, HINFO), content validation is entirely bypassed. Embedded newline characters in the content survive trim() processing, are stored in the database, and are written directly into BIND zone files via DnsEntry::__toString(). An authenticated customer can inject …

Froxlor has a BIND Zone File Injection via Unsanitized DNS Record Content in DomainZones::add()

DomainZones::add() accepts arbitrary DNS record types without a whitelist and does not sanitize newline characters in the content field. When a DNS type not covered by the if/elseif validation chain is submitted (e.g., NAPTR, PTR, HINFO), content validation is entirely bypassed. Embedded newline characters in the content survive trim() processing, are stored in the database, and are written directly into BIND zone files via DnsEntry::__toString(). An authenticated customer can inject …

Flowise: Unauthenticated OAuth 2.0 Access Token Disclosure via Public Chatflow in Flowise

Flowise contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows an unauthenticated attacker to obtain OAuth 2.0 access tokens associated with a public chatflow. By accessing a public chatflow configuration endpoint, an attacker can retrieve internal workflow data, including OAuth credential identifiers, which can then be used to refresh and obtain valid OAuth 2.0 access tokens without authentication.

Flowise: Unauthenticated OAuth 2.0 Access Token Disclosure via Public Chatflow in Flowise

Flowise contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows an unauthenticated attacker to obtain OAuth 2.0 access tokens associated with a public chatflow. By accessing a public chatflow configuration endpoint, an attacker can retrieve internal workflow data, including OAuth credential identifiers, which can then be used to refresh and obtain valid OAuth 2.0 access tokens without authentication.

Flowise: SSRF Protection Bypass via Unprotected Built-in HTTP Modules in Custom Function Sandbox

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) protection bypass vulnerability exists in the Custom Function feature. While the application implements SSRF protection via HTTP_DENY_LIST for axios and node-fetch libraries, the built-in Node.js http, https, and net modules are allowed in the NodeVM sandbox without equivalent protection. This allows authenticated users to bypass SSRF controls and access internal network resources (e.g., cloud provider metadata services)

Flowise: SSRF Protection Bypass via Unprotected Built-in HTTP Modules in Custom Function Sandbox

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) protection bypass vulnerability exists in the Custom Function feature. While the application implements SSRF protection via HTTP_DENY_LIST for axios and node-fetch libraries, the built-in Node.js http, https, and net modules are allowed in the NodeVM sandbox without equivalent protection. This allows authenticated users to bypass SSRF controls and access internal network resources (e.g., cloud provider metadata services)

Flowise: SSRF Protection Bypass via Unprotected Built-in HTTP Modules in Custom Function Sandbox

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) protection bypass vulnerability exists in the Custom Function feature. While the application implements SSRF protection via HTTP_DENY_LIST for axios and node-fetch libraries, the built-in Node.js http, https, and net modules are allowed in the NodeVM sandbox without equivalent protection. This allows authenticated users to bypass SSRF controls and access internal network resources (e.g., cloud provider metadata services)

Flowise: SSRF Protection Bypass via Unprotected Built-in HTTP Modules in Custom Function Sandbox

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) protection bypass vulnerability exists in the Custom Function feature. While the application implements SSRF protection via HTTP_DENY_LIST for axios and node-fetch libraries, the built-in Node.js http, https, and net modules are allowed in the NodeVM sandbox without equivalent protection. This allows authenticated users to bypass SSRF controls and access internal network resources (e.g., cloud provider metadata services)

Flowise: SSRF Protection Bypass via Direct node-fetch / axios Usage (Patch Enforcement Failure)

Flowise introduced SSRF protections through a centralized HTTP security wrapper (httpSecurity.ts) that implements deny-list validation and IP pinning logic. However, multiple tool implementations directly import and invoke raw HTTP clients (node-fetch, axiosInstead of using the secured wrapper. Because enforcement is neither mandatory nor centralized, these tools bypass SSRF mitigation entirely, restoring full SSRF capability even after the patch. This issue is distinct from specification trust issues and represents incomplete mitigation …

Flowise: SSRF Protection Bypass via Direct node-fetch / axios Usage (Patch Enforcement Failure)

Flowise introduced SSRF protections through a centralized HTTP security wrapper (httpSecurity.ts) that implements deny-list validation and IP pinning logic. However, multiple tool implementations directly import and invoke raw HTTP clients (node-fetch, axiosInstead of using the secured wrapper. Because enforcement is neither mandatory nor centralized, these tools bypass SSRF mitigation entirely, restoring full SSRF capability even after the patch. This issue is distinct from specification trust issues and represents incomplete mitigation …

Flowise: SSRF Protection Bypass via Direct node-fetch / axios Usage (Patch Enforcement Failure)

Flowise introduced SSRF protections through a centralized HTTP security wrapper (httpSecurity.ts) that implements deny-list validation and IP pinning logic. However, multiple tool implementations directly import and invoke raw HTTP clients (node-fetch, axiosInstead of using the secured wrapper. Because enforcement is neither mandatory nor centralized, these tools bypass SSRF mitigation entirely, restoring full SSRF capability even after the patch. This issue is distinct from specification trust issues and represents incomplete mitigation …

Flowise: SSRF Protection Bypass via Direct node-fetch / axios Usage (Patch Enforcement Failure)

Flowise introduced SSRF protections through a centralized HTTP security wrapper (httpSecurity.ts) that implements deny-list validation and IP pinning logic. However, multiple tool implementations directly import and invoke raw HTTP clients (node-fetch, axiosInstead of using the secured wrapper. Because enforcement is neither mandatory nor centralized, these tools bypass SSRF mitigation entirely, restoring full SSRF capability even after the patch. This issue is distinct from specification trust issues and represents incomplete mitigation …

Flowise: SSRF Protection Bypass (TOCTOU & Default Insecure)

The core security wrappers (secureAxiosRequest and secureFetch) intended to prevent Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) contain multiple logic flaws. These flaws allow attackers to bypass the allow/deny lists via DNS Rebinding (Time-of-Check Time-of-Use) or by exploiting the default configuration which fails to enforce any deny list.

Flowise: SSRF Protection Bypass (TOCTOU & Default Insecure)

The core security wrappers (secureAxiosRequest and secureFetch) intended to prevent Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) contain multiple logic flaws. These flaws allow attackers to bypass the allow/deny lists via DNS Rebinding (Time-of-Check Time-of-Use) or by exploiting the default configuration which fails to enforce any deny list.

Flowise: Sensitive Data Leak in public-chatbotConfig

/api/v1/public-chatbotConfig/:id ep exposes sensitive data including API keys, HTTP authorization headers and internal configuration without any authentication. An attacker with knowledge just of a chatflow UUID can retrieve credentials stored in password type fields and HTTP headers, leading to credential theft and more.

Flowise: Sensitive Data Leak in public-chatbotConfig

/api/v1/public-chatbotConfig/:id ep exposes sensitive data including API keys, HTTP authorization headers and internal configuration without any authentication. An attacker with knowledge just of a chatflow UUID can retrieve credentials stored in password type fields and HTTP headers, leading to credential theft and more.

Flowise: resetPassword Authentication Bypass Vulnerability

ZDI-CAN-28762: Flowise AccountService resetPassword Authentication Bypass Vulnerability – ABSTRACT ————————————- Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative has identified a vulnerability affecting the following products: Flowise - Flowise – VULNERABILITY DETAILS ———————— Version tested: 3.0.12 Installer file: hxxps://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise Platform tested: NA

Flowise: resetPassword Authentication Bypass Vulnerability

ZDI-CAN-28762: Flowise AccountService resetPassword Authentication Bypass Vulnerability – ABSTRACT ————————————- Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative has identified a vulnerability affecting the following products: Flowise - Flowise – VULNERABILITY DETAILS ———————— Version tested: 3.0.12 Installer file: hxxps://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise Platform tested: NA

Flowise: Remote code execution vulnerability in AirtableAgent.ts caused by lack of input verification when using `Pandas`.

“AirtableAgent” is an agent function provided by FlowiseAI that retrieves search results by accessing private datasets from airtable.com. “AirtableAgent” uses Python, along with Pyodide and Pandas, to get and return results. The user’s input is directly applied to the question parameter within the prompt template and it is reflected to the Python code without any sanitization. The point is that an attacker can bypass the intended behavior of the LLM …

Flowise: Remote code execution vulnerability in AirtableAgent.ts caused by lack of input verification when using `Pandas`.

“AirtableAgent” is an agent function provided by FlowiseAI that retrieves search results by accessing private datasets from airtable.com. “AirtableAgent” uses Python, along with Pyodide and Pandas, to get and return results. The user’s input is directly applied to the question parameter within the prompt template and it is reflected to the Python code without any sanitization. The point is that an attacker can bypass the intended behavior of the LLM …

Flowise: Remote code execution vulnerability in AirtableAgent.ts caused by lack of input verification when using `Pandas`.

“AirtableAgent” is an agent function provided by FlowiseAI that retrieves search results by accessing private datasets from airtable.com. “AirtableAgent” uses Python, along with Pyodide and Pandas, to get and return results. The user’s input is directly applied to the question parameter within the prompt template and it is reflected to the Python code without any sanitization. The point is that an attacker can bypass the intended behavior of the LLM …

Flowise: Remote code execution vulnerability in AirtableAgent.ts caused by lack of input verification when using `Pandas`.

“AirtableAgent” is an agent function provided by FlowiseAI that retrieves search results by accessing private datasets from airtable.com. “AirtableAgent” uses Python, along with Pyodide and Pandas, to get and return results. The user’s input is directly applied to the question parameter within the prompt template and it is reflected to the Python code without any sanitization. The point is that an attacker can bypass the intended behavior of the LLM …

Flowise: Path Traversal in Vector Store basePath

The Faiss and SimpleStore (LlamaIndex) vector store implementations accept a basePath parameter from user-controlled input and pass it directly to filesystem write operations without any sanitization. An authenticated attacker can exploit this to write vector store data to arbitrary locations on the server filesystem.

Flowise: Password Reset Link Sent Over Unsecured HTTP

Summary: The password reset functionality on cloud.flowiseai.com sends a reset password link over the unsecured HTTP protocol instead of HTTPS. This behavior introduces the risk of a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack, where an attacker on the same network as the user (e.g., public Wi-Fi) can intercept the reset link and gain unauthorized access to the victim’s account. Steps to Reproduce: Sign up for a new account on https://cloud.flowiseai.com/register. Navigate to the …

Flowise: Password Reset Link Sent Over Unsecured HTTP

Summary: The password reset functionality on cloud.flowiseai.com sends a reset password link over the unsecured HTTP protocol instead of HTTPS. This behavior introduces the risk of a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack, where an attacker on the same network as the user (e.g., public Wi-Fi) can intercept the reset link and gain unauthorized access to the victim’s account. Steps to Reproduce: Sign up for a new account on https://cloud.flowiseai.com/register. Navigate to the …

Flowise: Parameter Override Bypass Remote Command Execution

Flowise is vulnerable to a critical unauthenticated remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability. It can be exploited via a parameter override bypass using the FILE-STORAGE:: keyword combined with a NODE_OPTIONS environment variable injection. This allows for the execution of arbitrary system commands with root privileges within the containerized Flowise instance, requiring only a single HTTP request and no authentication or knowledge of the instance.

Flowise: Parameter Override Bypass Remote Command Execution

Flowise is vulnerable to a critical unauthenticated remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability. It can be exploited via a parameter override bypass using the FILE-STORAGE:: keyword combined with a NODE_OPTIONS environment variable injection. This allows for the execution of arbitrary system commands with root privileges within the containerized Flowise instance, requiring only a single HTTP request and no authentication or knowledge of the instance.

Flowise: Parameter Override Bypass Remote Command Execution

Flowise is vulnerable to a critical unauthenticated remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability. It can be exploited via a parameter override bypass using the FILE-STORAGE:: keyword combined with a NODE_OPTIONS environment variable injection. This allows for the execution of arbitrary system commands with root privileges within the containerized Flowise instance, requiring only a single HTTP request and no authentication or knowledge of the instance.

Flowise: Parameter Override Bypass Remote Command Execution

Flowise is vulnerable to a critical unauthenticated remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability. It can be exploited via a parameter override bypass using the FILE-STORAGE:: keyword combined with a NODE_OPTIONS environment variable injection. This allows for the execution of arbitrary system commands with root privileges within the containerized Flowise instance, requiring only a single HTTP request and no authentication or knowledge of the instance.

Flowise: Improper Mass Assignment in Account Registration Enables Unauthorized Organization Association

An improper mass assignment (JSON injection) vulnerability in the account registration endpoint of Flowise Cloud allows unauthenticated attackers to inject server-managed fields and nested objects during account creation. This enables client-controlled manipulation of ownership metadata, timestamps, organization association, and role mappings, breaking trust boundaries in a multi-tenant environment.

Flowise: Improper Mass Assignment in Account Registration Enables Unauthorized Organization Association

An improper mass assignment (JSON injection) vulnerability in the account registration endpoint of Flowise Cloud allows unauthenticated attackers to inject server-managed fields and nested objects during account creation. This enables client-controlled manipulation of ownership metadata, timestamps, organization association, and role mappings, breaking trust boundaries in a multi-tenant environment.

Flowise: File Upload Validation Bypass in createAttachment

In FlowiseAI, the Chatflow configuration file upload settings can be modified to allow the application/javascript MIME type. This lets an attacker upload .js files even though the frontend doesn’t normally allow JavaScript uploads. This enables attackers to persistently store malicious Node.js web shells on the server, potentially leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE).

Flowise: File Upload Validation Bypass in createAttachment

In FlowiseAI, the Chatflow configuration file upload settings can be modified to allow the application/javascript MIME type. This lets an attacker upload .js files even though the frontend doesn’t normally allow JavaScript uploads. This enables attackers to persistently store malicious Node.js web shells on the server, potentially leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE).

Flowise: Cypher Injection in GraphCypherQAChain

The GraphCypherQAChain node forwards user-provided input directly into the Cypher query execution pipeline without proper sanitization. An attacker can inject arbitrary Cypher commands that are executed on the underlying Neo4j database, enabling data exfiltration, modification, or deletion.

Flowise: Cypher Injection in GraphCypherQAChain

The GraphCypherQAChain node forwards user-provided input directly into the Cypher query execution pipeline without proper sanitization. An attacker can inject arbitrary Cypher commands that are executed on the underlying Neo4j database, enabling data exfiltration, modification, or deletion.

Flowise: APIChain Prompt Injection SSRF in GET/POST API Chains

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability exists in FlowiseAI's POST/GET API Chain components that allows unauthenticated attackers to force the server to make arbitrary HTTP requests to internal and external systems. By injecting malicious prompt templates, attackers can bypass the intended API documentation constraints and redirect requests to sensitive internal services, potentially leading to internal network reconnaissance and data exfiltration.

Flowise: APIChain Prompt Injection SSRF in GET/POST API Chains

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability exists in FlowiseAI's POST/GET API Chain components that allows unauthenticated attackers to force the server to make arbitrary HTTP requests to internal and external systems. By injecting malicious prompt templates, attackers can bypass the intended API documentation constraints and redirect requests to sensitive internal services, potentially leading to internal network reconnaissance and data exfiltration.

Flowise: APIChain Prompt Injection SSRF in GET/POST API Chains

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability exists in FlowiseAI's POST/GET API Chain components that allows unauthenticated attackers to force the server to make arbitrary HTTP requests to internal and external systems. By injecting malicious prompt templates, attackers can bypass the intended API documentation constraints and redirect requests to sensitive internal services, potentially leading to internal network reconnaissance and data exfiltration.

Flowise: APIChain Prompt Injection SSRF in GET/POST API Chains

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability exists in FlowiseAI's POST/GET API Chain components that allows unauthenticated attackers to force the server to make arbitrary HTTP requests to internal and external systems. By injecting malicious prompt templates, attackers can bypass the intended API documentation constraints and redirect requests to sensitive internal services, potentially leading to internal network reconnaissance and data exfiltration.

Flowise Execute Flow function has an SSRF vulnerability

The attacker provides an intranet address through the base url field configured in the Execute Flow node → Bypass checkDenyList / resolveAndValidate in httpSecurity.ts (not called) → Causes the server to initiate an HTTP request to any internal network address, read cloud metadata, or detect internal network services

Fastify's connection header abuse enables stripping of proxy-added headers

@fastify/reply-from and @fastify/http-proxy process the client's Connection header after the proxy has added its own headers via rewriteRequestHeaders. This allows attackers to retroactively strip proxy-added headers (like access control or identification headers) from upstream requests by listing them in the Connection header value. This affects applications using these plugins with custom header injection for routing, access control, or security purposes.

Fastify's connection header abuse enables stripping of proxy-added headers

@fastify/reply-from and @fastify/http-proxy process the client's Connection header after the proxy has added its own headers via rewriteRequestHeaders. This allows attackers to retroactively strip proxy-added headers (like access control or identification headers) from upstream requests by listing them in the Connection header value. This affects applications using these plugins with custom header injection for routing, access control, or security purposes.

electerm: electerm_install_script_CommandInjection Vulnerability Report

What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted? Command Injection vulnerabilities in electerm: A command injection vulnerability exists in github.com/elcterm/electerm/npm/install.js:150. The runMac() function appends attacker-controlled remote releaseInfo.name directly into an exec("open …") command without validation. Who is impacted: Users who run npm install -g electerm in Mac OS. An attacker who can control the remote release metadata (version string or release name) served by the project's update server could …

electerm: electerm_install_script_CommandInjection Vulnerability Report

What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted? Two Command Injection vulnerabilities in electerm: macOS Installer (electerm_CommandInjection_02): A command injection vulnerability exists in github.com/elcterm/electerm/npm/install.js:150. The runMac() function appends attacker-controlled remote releaseInfo.name directly into an exec("open …") command without validation. Linux Installer (electerm_CommandInjection_01): A command injection vulnerability exists in github.com/elcterm/electerm/npm/install.js:130. The runLinux() function appends attacker-controlled remote version strings directly into an exec("rm -rf …") command without validation. Who is impacted: …

Dgraph: Unauthenticated /debug/pprof/cmdline discloses admin auth token, enabling unauthorized access to protected Alpha admin endpoints

An unauthenticated debug endpoint in Dgraph Alpha exposes the full process command line, including the configured admin token from –security "token=…". This does not break token validation logic directly; instead, it discloses the credential and enables unauthorized admin-level access by reusing the leaked token in X-Dgraph-AuthToken.

Dgraph: Unauthenticated /debug/pprof/cmdline discloses admin auth token, enabling unauthorized access to protected Alpha admin endpoints

An unauthenticated debug endpoint in Dgraph Alpha exposes the full process command line, including the configured admin token from –security "token=…". This does not break token validation logic directly; instead, it discloses the credential and enables unauthorized admin-level access by reusing the leaked token in X-Dgraph-AuthToken.

Dgraph: Unauthenticated /debug/pprof/cmdline discloses admin auth token, enabling unauthorized access to protected Alpha admin endpoints

An unauthenticated debug endpoint in Dgraph Alpha exposes the full process command line, including the configured admin token from –security "token=…". This does not break token validation logic directly; instead, it discloses the credential and enables unauthorized admin-level access by reusing the leaked token in X-Dgraph-AuthToken.

ChilliCream GraphQL Platform: Utf8GraphQLParser Stack Overflow via Deeply Nested GraphQL Documents

Hot Chocolate's Utf8GraphQLParser is a recursive descent parser with no recursion depth limit. A crafted GraphQL document with deeply nested selection sets, object values, list values, or list types can trigger a StackOverflowException on payloads as small as 40 KB. Because StackOverflowException is uncatchable in .NET (since .NET 2.0), the entire worker process is terminated immediately. All in-flight HTTP requests, background IHostedService tasks, and open WebSocket subscriptions on that worker …

Buffer Overflow in Zlib::GzipReader ungetc via large input leads to memory corruption

Details A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in Zlib::GzipReader. The zstream_buffer_ungets function prepends caller-provided bytes ahead of previously produced output but fails to guarantee the backing Ruby string has enough capacity before the memmove shifts the existing data. This can lead to memory corruption when the buffer length exceeds capacity. Recommended action We recommend to update the zlib gem to version 3.2.3 or later. In order to ensure compatibility with bundled …

Budibase: Authentication Bypass via Unanchored Regex in Public Endpoint Matcher — Unauthenticated Access to Protected Endpoints

The authenticated middleware uses unanchored regular expressions to match public (no-auth) endpoint patterns against ctx.request.url. Since ctx.request.url in Koa includes the query string, an attacker can access any protected endpoint by appending a public endpoint path as a query parameter. For example, POST /api/global/users/search?x=/api/system/status bypasses all authentication because the regex /api/system/status/ matches in the query string portion of the URL.

Budibase: Authentication Bypass via Unanchored Regex in Public Endpoint Matcher — Unauthenticated Access to Protected Endpoints

The authenticated middleware uses unanchored regular expressions to match public (no-auth) endpoint patterns against ctx.request.url. Since ctx.request.url in Koa includes the query string, an attacker can access any protected endpoint by appending a public endpoint path as a query parameter. For example, POST /api/global/users/search?x=/api/system/status bypasses all authentication because the regex /api/system/status/ matches in the query string portion of the URL.

Arbitrary code execution in protobufjs

protobufjs could execute generated JavaScript code derived from protobuf schema metadata. When loading a crafted JSON descriptor, schema-controlled type names and type references could reach runtime code generation without sufficient validation.

ApostropheCMS: User Enumeration via Timing Side Channel in Password Reset Endpoint

The password reset endpoint (/api/v1/@apostrophecms/login/reset-request) exhibits a measurable timing side channel that allows unauthenticated attackers to enumerate valid usernames and email addresses. When a user is not found, the handler returns after a fixed 2-second artificial delay, but when a valid user is found, it performs database writes and SMTP operations with no equivalent delay normalization, producing a distinguishable timing profile.

ApostropheCMS: Stored XSS via CSS Custom Property Injection in @apostrophecms/color-field Escaping Style Tag Context

The @apostrophecms/color-field module bypasses color validation for values prefixed with – (intended for CSS custom properties), but performs no HTML sanitization on these values. When styles containing attacker-controlled color values are rendered into <style> tags — both in the global stylesheet (editors only) and in per-widget style elements (all visitors) — the lack of escaping allows an editor to inject </style> followed by arbitrary HTML/JavaScript, achieving stored XSS against all …

ApostropheCMS: publicApiProjection Bypass via project Query Builder in Piece-Type REST API

The getRestQuery method in the @apostrophecms/piece-type module checks whether a MongoDB projection has already been set before applying the admin-configured publicApiProjection. An unauthenticated attacker can supply a project query parameter in the REST API request to pre-populate the projection state, causing the security-enforced publicApiProjection to be skipped entirely. This allows disclosure of fields that the site administrator explicitly restricted from public access.

ApostropheCMS: Information Disclosure via choices/counts Query Parameters Bypassing publicApiProjection Field Restrictions

The choices and counts query parameters in the Apostrophe CMS REST API allow unauthenticated users to extract distinct field values for any schema field that has a registered query builder, completely bypassing publicApiProjection restrictions that are intended to limit which fields are exposed publicly. Fields protected by viewPermission are similarly exposed.

Apache Airflow: RCE by race condition in example_xcom dag

The example example_xcom that was included in airflow documentation implemented unsafe pattern of reading value from xcom in the way that could be exploited to allow UI user who had access to modify XComs to perform arbitrary execution of code on the worker. Since the UI users are already highly trusted, this is a Low severity vulnerability. It does not affect Airflow release - example_dags are not supposed to be …

Angular: SSRF via protocol-relative and backslash URLs in Angular Platform-Server

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability exists in @angular/platform-server due to improper handling of URLs during Server-Side Rendering (SSR). When an attacker sends a request such as GET /\evil.com/ HTTP/1.1 the server engine (Express, etc.) passes the URL string to Angular’s rendering functions. Because the URL parser normalizes the backslash to a forward slash for HTTP/HTTPS schemes, the internal state of the application is hijacked to believe the current origin …

@node-oauth/oauth2-server: PKCE code_verifier ABNF not enforced in token exchange allows brute-force redemption of intercepted authorization codes

The token exchange path accepts RFC7636-invalid code_verifier values (including one-character strings) for S256 PKCE flows. Because short/weak verifiers are accepted and failed verifier attempts do not consume the authorization code, an attacker who intercepts an authorization code can brute-force code_verifier guesses online until token issuance succeeds.

@node-oauth/oauth2-server: PKCE code_verifier ABNF not enforced in token exchange allows brute-force redemption of intercepted authorization codes

The token exchange path accepts RFC7636-invalid code_verifier values (including one-character strings) for S256 PKCE flows. Because short/weak verifiers are accepted and failed verifier attempts do not consume the authorization code, an attacker who intercepts an authorization code can brute-force code_verifier guesses online until token issuance succeeds.

@fastify/static vulnerable to route guard bypass via encoded path separators

@fastify/static v9.1.0 and earlier decodes percent-encoded path separators (%2F) before filesystem resolution, but Fastify's router treats them as literal characters. This creates a routing mismatch: route guards on /admin/* do not match /admin%2Fsecret.html, but @fastify/static decodes it to /admin/secret.html and serves the file. Applications that rely on route-based middleware or guards to protect files served by @fastify/static can be bypassed with encoded path separators.

@fastify/static vulnerable to path traversal in directory listing

@fastify/static v9.1.0 and earlier serves directory listings outside the configured static root when the list option is enabled. A request such as /public/../outside/ causes dirList.path() to resolve a directory outside the root via path.join() without a containment check. A remote unauthenticated attacker can obtain directory listings for arbitrary directories accessible to the Node.js process, disclosing directory names and filenames that should not be exposed. File contents are not disclosed.

@fastify/middie vulnerable to middleware bypass via deprecated ignoreDuplicateSlashes option

@fastify/middie v9.3.1 and earlier does not read the deprecated (but still functional) top-level ignoreDuplicateSlashes option, only reading from routerOptions. This creates a normalization gap: Fastify's router normalizes duplicate slashes but middie does not, allowing middleware bypass via URLs with duplicate leading slashes (e.g., //admin/secret). This only affects applications using the deprecated top-level configuration style (fastify({ ignoreDuplicateSlashes: true })). Applications using routerOptions: { ignoreDuplicateSlashes: true } are not affected. This is …

@fastify/middie vulnerable to middleware authentication bypass in child plugin scopes

@fastify/middie v9.3.1 and earlier incorrectly re-prefixes middleware paths when propagating them to child plugin scopes. When a child plugin is registered with a prefix that overlaps with a parent-scoped middleware path, the middleware path is modified during inheritance and silently fails to match incoming requests. This results in complete bypass of middleware security controls for all routes defined within affected child plugin scopes, including nested (grandchild) scopes. Authentication, authorization, rate …

@fastify/express's middleware path doubling causes authentication bypass in child plugin scopes

@fastify/express v4.0.4 contains a path handling bug in the onRegister function that causes middleware paths to be doubled when inherited by child plugins. This results in complete bypass of Express middleware security controls for all routes defined within child plugin scopes that share a prefix with parent-scoped middleware. No special configuration is required — this affects the default Fastify configuration.

@fastify/express has a middleware authentication bypass via URL normalization gaps (duplicate slashes and semicolons)

@fastify/express v4.0.4 fails to normalize URLs before passing them to Express middleware when Fastify router normalization options are enabled. This allows complete bypass of path-scoped authentication middleware via two vectors: Duplicate slashes (//admin/dashboard) when ignoreDuplicateSlashes: true is configured Semicolon delimiters (/admin;bypass) when useSemicolonDelimiter: true is configured In both cases, Fastify's router normalizes the URL and matches the route, but @fastify/express passes the original un-normalized URL to Express middleware, which fails …

Velociraptor vulnerability in the query() plugin which allows access to all orgs with the user's current ACL token

Velociraptor versions prior to 0.76.3 contain a vulnerability in the query() plugin which allows access to all orgs with the user's current ACL token. This allows an authenticated GUI user with access in one org, to use the query() plugin, in a notebook cell, to run VQL queries on other orgs which they may not have access to. The user's permissions in the other org are the same as the …

Upsonic: remote code execution vulnerability in its MCP server/task creation functionality

Upsonic 0.71.6 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in its MCP server/task creation functionality. The application allows users to define MCP tasks with arbitrary command and args values. Although an allowlist exists, certain allowed commands (npm, npx) accept argument flags that enable execution of arbitrary OS commands. Maliciously crafted MCP tasks may lead to remote code execution with the privileges of the Upsonic process. In version 0.72.0 Upsonic added a …

Pyroscope Exposes Storage Secret

Pyroscope is an open-source continuous profiling database. The database supports various storage backends, including Tencent Cloud Object Storage (COS). If the database is configured to use Tencent COS as the storage backend, an attacker could extract the secret_key configuration value from the Pyroscope API. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker needs direct access to the Pyroscope API. We highly recommend limiting the public internet exposure of all our databases, such …

PocketMine-MP has LogDoS by many junk properties in client data JWT in LoginPacket

Attackers can fill the body of the clientData JWT in LoginPacket with lots of junk properties, causing the server to flood warning messages, as well as wasting CPU time. This happens because the JsonMapper instance used to process the JWT body is configured to warn on unexpected properties instead of rejecting them outright. While this behaviour increases flexibility for random changes introduced by Microsoft, it also creates vulnerabilities if not …

OAuth2 Proxy has an Authorization Bypass in Email Domain Validation via Malformed Multi-@ Email Claims

An authorization bypass exists in OAuth2 Proxy as part of the email_domain enforcement option. An attacker may be able to authenticate with an email claim such as attacker@evil.com@company.com and satisfy an allowed domain check for company.com, even though the claim is not a valid email address. The issue ONLY affects deployments that rely on email_domain restrictions and accept email claim values from identity providers or claim mappings that do not …

OAuth2 Proxy has an Authentication Bypass via X-Forwarded-Uri Header Spoofing

A configuration-dependent authentication bypass exists in OAuth2 Proxy. Deployments are affected when all of the following are true: OAuth2 Proxy is configured with –reverse-proxy and at least one rule is defined with –skip_auth_routes or the legacy –skip-auth-regex OAuth2 Proxy may trust a client-supplied X-Forwarded-Uri header when –reverse-proxy is enabled and –skip-auth-route or –skip-auth-regex is configured. An attacker can spoof this header so OAuth2 Proxy evaluates authentication and skip-auth rules against …

OAuth2 Proxy has an Authentication Bypass via Fragment Confusion in skip_auth_routes and skip_auth_regex

A configuration-dependent authentication bypass exists in OAuth2 Proxy. Deployments are affected when all of the following are true: Use of skip_auth_routes or the legacy skip_auth_regex * Use of patterns that can be widened by attacker-controlled suffixes, such as ^/foo/.*/bar$ causing potential exposure of /foo/secret * Protected upstream applications that interpret # as a fragment delimiter or otherwise route the request to the protected base path In deployments that rely on …

OAuth2 Proxy has an Authentication Bypass via Fragment Confusion in skip_auth_routes and skip_auth_regex

A configuration-dependent authentication bypass exists in OAuth2 Proxy. Deployments are affected when all of the following are true: Use of skip_auth_routes or the legacy skip_auth_regex * Use of patterns that can be widened by attacker-controlled suffixes, such as ^/foo/.*/bar$ causing potential exposure of /foo/secret * Protected upstream applications that interpret # as a fragment delimiter or otherwise route the request to the protected base path In deployments that rely on …

KubeVirt's authorization mechanism improperly truncates subresource names

A flaw was found in KubeVirt's Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) evaluation logic. The authorization mechanism improperly truncates subresource names, leading to incorrect permission evaluations. This allows authenticated users with specific custom roles to gain unauthorized access to subresources, potentially disclosing sensitive information or performing actions they are not permitted to do. Additionally, legitimate users may be denied access to resources.

Kimai has Stored XSS via Incomplete HTML Attribute Escaping in Team Member Widget

The client-side escapeForHtml() function in KimaiEscape.js, introduced in commit 89bfa82c (#2959) to fix a JavaScript XSS vulnerability, only escapes <, >, and & but does not escape " (double quote) or ' (single quote). When user-controlled data (profile alias) is placed in an HTML attribute context (title="DISPLAY") via the team member form prototype and rendered through innerHTML, the missing quote escaping allows HTML attribute injection, resulting in Stored XSS.

Improper restriction of the scope of accessible objects in Thymeleaf expressions

A security bypass vulnerability exists in the expression execution mechanisms of Thymeleaf up to and including 3.1.3.RELEASE. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly restrict the scope of accessible objects, allowing specific potentially sensitive objects to be reached from within a template. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections …

Improper restriction of the scope of accessible objects in Thymeleaf expressions

A security bypass vulnerability exists in the expression execution mechanisms of Thymeleaf up to and including 3.1.3.RELEASE. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly restrict the scope of accessible objects, allowing specific potentially sensitive objects to be reached from within a template. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections …

Improper restriction of the scope of accessible objects in Thymeleaf expressions

A security bypass vulnerability exists in the expression execution mechanisms of Thymeleaf up to and including 3.1.3.RELEASE. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly restrict the scope of accessible objects, allowing specific potentially sensitive objects to be reached from within a template. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections …

Improper neutralization of specific syntax patterns for unauthorized expressions in Thymeleaf

A security bypass vulnerability exists in the expression execution mechanisms of Thymeleaf up to and including 3.1.3.RELEASE. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly neutralize specific syntax patterns that allow for the execution of unauthorized expressions. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI).

Improper neutralization of specific syntax patterns for unauthorized expressions in Thymeleaf

A security bypass vulnerability exists in the expression execution mechanisms of Thymeleaf up to and including 3.1.3.RELEASE. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly neutralize specific syntax patterns that allow for the execution of unauthorized expressions. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI).

Improper neutralization of specific syntax patterns for unauthorized expressions in Thymeleaf

A security bypass vulnerability exists in the expression execution mechanisms of Thymeleaf up to and including 3.1.3.RELEASE. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly neutralize specific syntax patterns that allow for the execution of unauthorized expressions. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI).

Fastify has a Body Schema Validation Bypass via Leading Space in Content-Type Header

A validation bypass vulnerability exists in Fastify v5.x where request body validation schemas specified via schema.body.content can be completely circumvented by prepending a single space character (\x20) to the Content-Type header. The body is still parsed correctly as JSON (or any other content type), but schema validation is entirely skipped. This is a regression introduced by commit f3d2bcb (fix for CVE-2025-32442).

Data Sharing Framework has an Inverted Time Comparison in OIDC JWKS and Token Cache

The OIDC JWKS and Metadata Document caches used an inverted time comparison (isBefore instead of isAfter), causing the cache to never return cached values. Every incoming request triggered a fresh HTTP fetch of the OIDC Metadata Document and JWKS keys from the OIDC provider. The OIDC token cache for the FHIR client connections used an inverted time comparison (isBefore instead of isAfter), causing the cache to never invalidate. Every incoming …

Data Sharing Framework has an Inverted Time Comparison in OIDC JWKS and Token Cache

The OIDC JWKS and Metadata Document caches used an inverted time comparison (isBefore instead of isAfter), causing the cache to never return cached values. Every incoming request triggered a fresh HTTP fetch of the OIDC Metadata Document and JWKS keys from the OIDC provider. The OIDC token cache for the FHIR client connections used an inverted time comparison (isBefore instead of isAfter), causing the cache to never invalidate. Every incoming …

Apache Airlfow: Sensitive Azure Service Bus connection string (and possibly other providers) exposed to users with view access

The access_key and connection_string connection properties were not marked as sensitive names in secrets masker. This means that user with read permission could see the values in Connection UI, as well as when Connection was accidently logged to logs, those values could be seen in the logs. Azure Service Bus used those properties to store sensitive values. Possibly other providers could be also affected if they used the same fields …

Zarf has a Path Traversal via Malicious Package Metadata.Name — Arbitrary File Write

The package inspect sbom and package inspect documentation subcommands construct output file paths by joining a user-controlled output directory with the package's Metadata.Name field, which is attacker-controlled data read from the package archive. The Metadata.Name field is validated against a regex on create, ^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9-]*$, however a malicious user could unarchive a package to change the .Metadata.Name field and the files inside the SBOMS.tar. This would lead to arbitrary file write …

WWBN AVideo: Missing CSRF Protection on State-Changing JSON Endpoints Enables Forced Comment Creation, Vote Manipulation, and Category Asset Deletion

Multiple AVideo JSON endpoints under objects/ accept state-changing requests via $_REQUEST/$_GET and persist changes tied to the caller's session user, without any anti-CSRF token, origin check, or referer check. A malicious page visited by a logged-in victim can silently: Cast/flip the victim's like/dislike on any comment (objects/comments_like.json.php). Post a comment authored by the victim on any video, with attacker-chosen text (objects/commentAddNew.json.php). Delete assets from any category (objects/categoryDeleteAssets.json.php) when the victim …

WWBN AVideo YPTSocket WebSocket Broadcast Relay Leads to Unauthenticated Cross-User JavaScript Execution via Client-Side eval() Sinks

The YPTSocket plugin's WebSocket server relays attacker-supplied JSON message bodies to every connected client without sanitizing the msg or callback fields. On the client side, plugin/YPTSocket/script.js contains two eval() sinks fed directly by those relayed fields (json.msg.autoEvalCodeOnHTML at line 568 and json.callback at line 95). Because tokens are minted for anonymous visitors and never revalidated beyond decryption, an unauthenticated attacker can broadcast arbitrary JavaScript that executes in the origin of …

WWBN AVideo is missing CSRF protection in objects/commentDelete.json.php enables mass comment deletion against moderators and content creators

objects/commentDelete.json.php is a state-mutating JSON endpoint that deletes comments but performs no CSRF validation. It does not call forbidIfIsUntrustedRequest(), does not verify a CSRF/global token, and does not check Origin/Referer. Because AVideo intentionally sets session.cookie_samesite=None (to support cross-origin embed players), a cross-site request from any attacker-controlled page automatically carries the victim's PHPSESSID. Any authenticated victim who has authority to delete one or more comments (site moderators, video owners, and comment …

WWBN AVideo has Stored XSS via Unanchored Duration Regex in Video Encoder Receiver

The isValidDuration() regex at objects/video.php:918 uses /^[0-9]{1,2}:[0-9]{1,2}:[0-9]{1,2}/ without a $ end anchor, allowing arbitrary HTML/JavaScript to be appended after a valid duration prefix. The crafted duration is stored in the database and rendered without HTML escaping via echo Video::getCleanDuration() on trending pages, playlist pages, and video gallery thumbnails, resulting in stored cross-site scripting.

WWBN AVideo has Multiple CSRF Vulnerabilities in Admin JSON Endpoints (Category CRUD, Plugin Update Script)

Three admin-only JSON endpoints — objects/categoryAddNew.json.php, objects/categoryDelete.json.php, and objects/pluginRunUpdateScript.json.php — enforce only a role check (Category::canCreateCategory() / User::isAdmin()) and perform state-changing actions against the database without calling isGlobalTokenValid() or forbidIfIsUntrustedRequest(). Peer endpoints in the same directory (pluginSwitch.json.php, pluginRunDatabaseScript.json.php) do enforce the CSRF token, so the missing checks are an omission rather than a design choice. An attacker who lures a logged-in admin to a malicious page can create, update, or …

WWBN AVideo has CSRF in configurationUpdate.json.php Enables Full Site Configuration Takeover Including Encoder URL and SMTP Credentials

objects/configurationUpdate.json.php (also routed via /updateConfig) persists dozens of global site settings from $_POST but protects the endpoint only with User::isAdmin(). It does not call forbidIfIsUntrustedRequest(), does not verify a globalToken, and does not validate the Origin/Referer header. Because AVideo intentionally sets session.cookie_samesite=None to support cross-origin iframe embedding, a logged-in administrator who visits an attacker-controlled page will have the browser auto-submit a cross-origin POST that rewrites the site's encoder URL, SMTP …

WWBN AVideo has CORS Origin Reflection with Credentials on Sensitive API Endpoints Enables Cross-Origin Account Takeover

The allowOrigin($allowAll=true) function in objects/functions.php reflects any arbitrary Origin header back in Access-Control-Allow-Origin along with Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true. This function is called by both plugin/API/get.json.php and plugin/API/set.json.php — the primary API endpoints that handle user data retrieval, authentication, livestream credentials, and state-changing operations. Combined with the application's SameSite=None session cookie policy, any website can make credentialed cross-origin requests and read authenticated API responses, enabling theft of user PII, livestream keys, and …

WWBN AVideo has an Unauthenticated Information Disclosure via git.json.php Exposes Developer Emails and Deployed Version

The file git.json.php at the web root executes git log -1 and returns the full output as JSON to any unauthenticated user. This exposes the exact deployed commit hash (enabling version fingerprinting against known CVEs), developer names and email addresses (PII), and commit messages which may contain references to internal systems or security fixes.

WWBN AVideo has an Incomplete fix: Directory traversal bypass via query string in ReceiveImage downloadURL parameters

The directory traversal fix introduced in commit 2375eb5e0 for objects/aVideoEncoderReceiveImage.json.php only checks the URL path component (via parse_url($url, PHP_URL_PATH)) for .. sequences. However, the downstream function try_get_contents_from_local() in objects/functionsFile.php uses explode('/videos/', $url) on the full URL string including the query string. An attacker can place the /videos/../../ traversal payload in the query string to bypass the security check and read arbitrary files from the server filesystem.

WWBN AVideo has an IDOR in Live Restreams list.json.php Exposes Other Users' Stream Keys and OAuth Tokens

The endpoint plugin/Live/view/Live_restreams/list.json.php contains an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability that allows any authenticated user with streaming permission to retrieve other users' live restream configurations, including third-party platform stream keys and OAuth tokens (access_token, refresh_token) for services like YouTube Live, Facebook Live, and Twitch.

WWBN AVideo has a SSRF via same-domain hostname with alternate port bypasses isSSRFSafeURL

The isSSRFSafeURL() function in objects/functions.php contains a same-domain shortcircuit (lines 4290-4296) that allows any URL whose hostname matches webSiteRootURL to bypass all SSRF protections. Because the check compares only the hostname and ignores the port, an attacker can reach arbitrary ports on the AVideo server by using the site's public hostname with a non-standard port. The response body is saved to a web-accessible path, enabling full exfiltration.

WWBN AVideo has a Path Traversal in Locale Save Endpoint Enables Arbitrary PHP File Write to Any Web-Accessible Directory (RCE)

The locale save endpoint (locale/save.php) constructs a file path by directly concatenating $_POST['flag'] into the path at line 30 without any sanitization. The $_POST['code'] parameter is then written verbatim to that path via fwrite() at line 40. An admin attacker (or any user who can CSRF an admin, since no CSRF token is checked and cookies use SameSite=None) can traverse out of the locale/ directory and write arbitrary .php files …

WWBN AVideo has a CORS Origin Reflection Bypass via plugin/API/router.php and allowOrigin(true) Exposes Authenticated API Responses

The CORS origin validation fix in commit 986e64aad is incomplete. Two separate code paths still reflect arbitrary Origin headers with credentials allowed for all /api/* endpoints: (1) plugin/API/router.php lines 4-8 unconditionally reflect any origin before application code runs, and (2) allowOrigin(true) called by get.json.php and set.json.php reflects any origin with Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true. An attacker can make cross-origin credentialed requests to any API endpoint and read authenticated responses containing user PII, …

Uncontrolled resource consumption and loop with unreachable exit condition in facil.io and downstream iodine ruby gem

fio_json_parse can enter an infinite loop when it encounters a nested JSON value starting with i or I. The process spins in user space and pegs one CPU core at ~100% instead of returning a parse error. Because iodine vendors the same parser code, the issue also affects iodine when it parses attacker-controlled JSON. The smallest reproducer found is [i. The quoted-value form that originally exposed the issue, [""i, reaches …

Uncontrolled resource consumption and loop with unreachable exit condition in facil.io and downstream iodine ruby gem

fio_json_parse can enter an infinite loop when it encounters a nested JSON value starting with i or I. The process spins in user space and pegs one CPU core at ~100% instead of returning a parse error. Because iodine vendors the same parser code, the issue also affects iodine when it parses attacker-controlled JSON. The smallest reproducer found is [i. The quoted-value form that originally exposed the issue, [""i, reaches …

Unauthenticated Open Redirect, Arbitrary HTTP Response Header Injection, Missing CSRF, and Invisible-Mode Bypass in goshs `/?redirect` endpoint

The GET /?redirect endpoint in goshs v2.0.0-beta.6 performs an HTTP redirect to any attacker-supplied url= value and writes any attacker-supplied header=Name: Value pair into the response, without scheme/host validation, without a header-name allow-list, without authentication in the default deployment, and without the checkCSRF() guard that GHSA-jrq5-hg6x-j6g3 added to the other state-changing GET routes (?mkdir, ?delete). The same dispatcher also lacks an fs.Invisible branch, so the endpoint stays responsive in -I …

Unauthenticated Open Redirect, Arbitrary HTTP Response Header Injection, Missing CSRF, and Invisible-Mode Bypass in goshs `/?redirect` endpoint

The GET /?redirect endpoint in goshs v2.0.0-beta.6 performs an HTTP redirect to any attacker-supplied url= value and writes any attacker-supplied header=Name: Value pair into the response, without scheme/host validation, without a header-name allow-list, without authentication in the default deployment, and without the checkCSRF() guard that GHSA-jrq5-hg6x-j6g3 added to the other state-changing GET routes (?mkdir, ?delete). The same dispatcher also lacks an fs.Invisible branch, so the endpoint stays responsive in -I …

SSH/SCP option injection allowing local RCE in @aiondadotcom/mcp-ssh

A crafted hostAlias argument such as -oProxyCommand=… was passed to ssh/scp without an argument terminator. SSH interprets arguments starting with - as options regardless of position, so the option-injection caused SSH to execute the attacker-supplied ProxyCommand locally on the machine running the MCP server — before any network connection. This bypassed the documented protection of # @password: annotations and exposed local SSH keys, browser cookies, other MCP server credentials, and …

SP1 V6 Recursion Circuit Row-Count Binding Gap

A soundness vulnerability in the SP1 V6 recursive shard verifier allows a malicious prover to construct a recursive proof from a shard proof that the native verifier would reject. Affected versions: >= 6.0.0, <= 6.0.2 Not affected: SP1 V5 (all versions) Severity: High

SP1 V6 Recursion Circuit Row-Count Binding Gap

A soundness vulnerability in the SP1 V6 recursive shard verifier allows a malicious prover to construct a recursive proof from a shard proof that the native verifier would reject. Affected versions: >= 6.0.0, <= 6.0.2 Not affected: SP1 V5 (all versions) Severity: High

Sigstore Timestamp Authority has Improper Certificate Validation in verifier

Authorization bypass via certificate bag manipulation in sigstore/timestamp-authority verifier An authorization bypass vulnerability exists in sigstore/timestamp-authority verifier (timestamp-authority/v2/pkg/verification): VerifyTimestampResponse function correctly verifies the certificate chain but when the TSA specific constraints are verified in VerifyLeafCert, the first non-CA certificate from the PKCS#7 certificate bag is used instead of the leaf certificate from the certificate chain. An attacker can exploit this by prepending a forged certificate to the certificate bag while …

Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) in Craft CMS with Asset Uploads Mutations

Required Permissions The exploitation requires a few permissions to be enabled in the used GraphQL schema: "Edit assets in the volume" "Create assets in the volume" Details The implementation fails to restrict the URL Scheme. While the application is intended to "upload assets", there is no whitelist forcing http or https. This allows attackers to use the Gopher protocol to wrap raw TCP commands. Impact: Combined with the DWORD bypass, …

Rand is unsound with a custom logger using rand::rng()

It has been reported (by @lopopolo) that the rand library is unsound (i.e. that safe code using the public API can cause Undefined Behaviour) when all the following conditions are met: The log and thread_rng features are enabled A custom logger is defined The custom logger accesses rand::rng() (previously rand::thread_rng()) and calls any TryRng (previously RngCore) methods on ThreadRng The ThreadRng (attempts to) reseed while called from the custom logger …

pyLoad has Stale Session Privilege After Role/Permission Change (Privilege Revocation Bypass)

pyLoad caches role and permission in the session at login and continues to authorize requests using these cached values, even after an admin changes the user's role/permissions in the database. As a result, an already logged-in user can keep old (revoked) privileges until logout/session expiry, enabling continued privileged actions. This is a core authorization/session-consistency issue and is not resolved by toggling an optional security feature.

Oxia affected by server crash via race condition in session heartbeat handling

A race condition between session heartbeat processing and session closure can cause the server to panic with send on closed channel. The heartbeat() method uses a blocking channel send while holding a mutex, and under specific timing with concurrent close() calls, this can lead to either a deadlock (channel buffer full) or a panic (send on closed channel after TOCTOU gap in KeepAlive).

Oxia affected by server crash via race condition in session heartbeat handling

A race condition between session heartbeat processing and session closure can cause the server to panic with send on closed channel. The heartbeat() method uses a blocking channel send while holding a mutex, and under specific timing with concurrent close() calls, this can lead to either a deadlock (channel buffer full) or a panic (send on closed channel after TOCTOU gap in KeepAlive).

OpenTofu has unbounded memory usage, high CPU usage, or deadlock in "tofu init" with maliciously-crafted dependency responses

When installing module packages from attacker-controlled sources, tofu init may use unbounded memory, cause high CPU usage, or deadlock when encountering maliciously-crafted TLS certificate chains or tar archives. Those who depend on modules or providers served from untrusted third-party servers may experience denial of service due to tofu init failing to complete successfully. In the case of unbounded memory usage or high CPU usage, other processes running on the same …

OpenStack Keystone: LDAP identity backend does not convert enabled attribute to boolean

In OpenStack Keystone before 28.0.1, the LDAP identity backend does not convert the user enabled attribute to a boolean when the user_enabled_invert configuration option is False (the default). The _ldap_res_to_model method in the UserApi class only performed string-to-boolean conversion when user_enabled_invert was True. When False, the raw string value from LDAP (e.g., "FALSE") was used directly. Since non-empty strings are truthy in Python, users marked as disabled in LDAP were …

OpenAI Codex CLI enables code execution through malicious MCP (Model Context Protocol) configuration files

A vulnerability was identified in OpenAI Codex CLI v0.23.0 and before that enables code execution through malicious MCP (Model Context Protocol) configuration files. The attack is triggered when a user runs the codex command inside a malicious or compromised repository. Codex automatically loads project-local .env and .codex/config.toml files without requiring user confirmation, allowing attackers to embed arbitrary commands that execute immediately.

October Rain has Environment Variable Exfiltration via INI Parser Interpolation

A server-side information disclosure vulnerability was identified in the INI settings parser. PHP's parse_ini_string() function supports ${} syntax for environment variable interpolation. Attackers with Editor access could inject ${APP_KEY}, ${DB_PASSWORD}, or similar patterns into CMS page settings fields, causing sensitive environment variables to be resolved and stored in the template. These values were then returned to the attacker when the page was reopened.

October CMS has Stored XSS in Backend Editor Markup Classes

A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability was identified in the Backend Editor Settings. The Markup Classes fields (used for paragraph styles, inline styles, table styles, etc.) did not sanitize input to valid CSS class name characters. Malicious values were rendered unsanitized in Froala editor dropdown menus, allowing JavaScript execution when any user opened a RichEditor.

OAuth2 Proxy's session cookies are not cleared when rendering sign-in page

A regression introduced in v7.11.0 is preventing OAuth2 Proxy from clearing the session cookie when rendering the sign-in page. This only impacts deployments that rely on the sign-in page as part of their logout flow. In those setups, a user may be shown the sign-in page while the existing session cookie remains valid, so the browser session is not actually logged out. On shared workstations be it browsers or devices, …

Novu has SSRF via conditions filter webhook bypasses validateUrlSsrf() protection

The conditions filter webhook at libs/application-generic/src/usecases/conditions-filter/conditions-filter.usecase.ts line 261 sends POST requests to user-configured URLs using raw axios.post() with no SSRF validation. The HTTP Request workflow step in the same codebase correctly uses validateUrlSsrf() which blocks private IP ranges. The conditions webhook was not included in this protection.

Multiple security fixes in justhtml

justhtml 1.16.0 fixes multiple security issues in sanitization, serialization, and programmatic DOM handling. Most of these issues affected one of these advanced paths rather than ordinary parsed HTML with the default safe settings: programmatic DOM input to sanitize() or sanitize_dom() reused or mutated sanitization policy objects custom policies that preserve foreign namespaces such as SVG or MathML

mitmproxy has an LDAP Injection

In mitmproxy 12.2.1 and below, the builtin LDAP proxy authentication does not correctly sanitize the username when querying the LDAP server. This allows a malicious client to bypass authentication. Only mitmproxy instances using the proxyauth option with LDAP are affected. This option is not enabled by default.

MinIO has an Unauthenticated Object Write via Query-String Credential Signature Bypass in Unsigned-Trailer Uploads

What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted? An authentication bypass vulnerability in MinIO's STREAMING-UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD-TRAILER code path allows any user who knows a valid access key to write arbitrary objects to any bucket without knowing the secret key or providing a valid cryptographic signature. Any MinIO deployment is impacted. The attack requires only a valid access key (the well-known default minioadmin, or any key with WRITE permission on a …

MinIO has an Unauthenticated Object Write via Query-String Credential Signature Bypass in Unsigned-Trailer Uploads

What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted? An authentication bypass vulnerability in MinIO's STREAMING-UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD-TRAILER code path allows any user who knows a valid access key to write arbitrary objects to any bucket without knowing the secret key or providing a valid cryptographic signature. Any MinIO deployment is impacted. The attack requires only a valid access key (the well-known default minioadmin, or any key with WRITE permission on a …

MinIO has an Unauthenticated Object Write via Missing Signature Verification in Unsigned-Trailer Uploads

Two authentication bypass vulnerabilities in MinIO's STREAMING-UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD-TRAILER code path allow any user who knows a valid access key to write arbitrary objects to any bucket without knowing the secret key or providing a valid cryptographic signature. Any MinIO deployment is impacted. The attack requires only a valid access key (the well-known default minioadmin, or any key with WRITE permission on a bucket) and a target bucket name. There are two …

MinIO has an Unauthenticated Object Write via Missing Signature Verification in Unsigned-Trailer Uploads

What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted? Two authentication bypass vulnerabilities in MinIO's STREAMING-UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD-TRAILER code path allow any user who knows a valid access key to write arbitrary objects to any bucket without knowing the secret key or providing a valid cryptographic signature. Any MinIO deployment is impacted. The attack requires only a valid access key (the well-known default minioadmin, or any key with WRITE permission on a …

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-33116 – .NET, .NET Framework, and Visual Studio Denial of Service Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in System.Security.Cryptography.Xml. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in EncryptedXml class where an attacker can cause an infinite loop and perform a Denial of Service attack.

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-32178 – .NET Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, and .NET 10.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in System.Net.Mail where specially crafted data allows an unauthorized attacker to perform a spoofing attack over the network.

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-32178 – .NET Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, and .NET 10.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in System.Net.Mail where specially crafted data allows an unauthorized attacker to perform a spoofing attack over the network.

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-32178 – .NET Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, and .NET 10.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in System.Net.Mail where specially crafted data allows an unauthorized attacker to perform a spoofing attack over the network.

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-32178 – .NET Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, and .NET 10.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in System.Net.Mail where specially crafted data allows an unauthorized attacker to perform a spoofing attack over the network.

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-32178 – .NET Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, and .NET 10.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in System.Net.Mail where specially crafted data allows an unauthorized attacker to perform a spoofing attack over the network.

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-32178 – .NET Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, and .NET 10.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in System.Net.Mail where specially crafted data allows an unauthorized attacker to perform a spoofing attack over the network.

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-32178 – .NET Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, and .NET 10.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in System.Net.Mail where specially crafted data allows an unauthorized attacker to perform a spoofing attack over the network.

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-32178 – .NET Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, and .NET 10.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in System.Net.Mail where specially crafted data allows an unauthorized attacker to perform a spoofing attack over the network.

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-32178 – .NET Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, and .NET 10.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in System.Net.Mail where specially crafted data allows an unauthorized attacker to perform a spoofing attack over the network.

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-32178 – .NET Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, and .NET 10.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in System.Net.Mail where specially crafted data allows an unauthorized attacker to perform a spoofing attack over the network.

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-32178 – .NET Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, and .NET 10.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in System.Net.Mail where specially crafted data allows an unauthorized attacker to perform a spoofing attack over the network.

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-32178 – .NET Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET 8.0, .NET 9.0, and .NET 10.0. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in System.Net.Mail where specially crafted data allows an unauthorized attacker to perform a spoofing attack over the network.

Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-26171 – .NET Denial of Service Vulnerability

Microsoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in System.Security.Cryptography.Xml. This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability. A vulnerability exists in EncryptedXml class where uncontrolled resource consumption can give an attacker to the ability to perform a Denial of Service attack.

MCP Server Kubernetes has an Argument Injection in port_forward tool via space-splitting

The port_forward tool in mcp-server-kubernetes constructs a kubectl command as a string and splits it on spaces before passing to spawn(). Unlike all other tools in the codebase which correctly use execFileSync("kubectl", argsArray), port_forward uses string concatenation with user-controlled input (namespace, resourceType, resourceName, localPort, targetPort) followed by naive .split(" ") parsing. This allows an attacker to inject arbitrary kubectl flags by embedding spaces in any of these fields.

LDAP Injection in mitmproxy

In mitmproxy 12.2.1 and below, the builtin LDAP proxy authentication does not correctly sanitize the username when querying the LDAP server. This allows a malicious client to bypass authentication. Only mitmproxy instances using the proxyauth option with LDAP are affected. This option is not enabled by default.

Kyverno has unrestricted outbound requests in Kyverno apiCall enabling SSRF

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Kyverno allows authenticated users to induce the admission controller to send arbitrary HTTP requests to attacker-controlled endpoints. When a ClusterPolicy uses apiCall.service.url with variable substitution (e.g. {{request.object.*}}), user-controlled input can influence the request target. The Kyverno admission controller executes these requests from its privileged network position without enforcing any validation or network restrictions. The issue becomes non-blind SSRF, as response data from internal …

Kyverno has SSRF via CEL http.Get/http.Post in NamespacedValidatingPolicy allows cross-namespace data access

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Kyverno's CEL HTTP library (pkg/cel/libs/http/) allows users with namespace-scoped policy creation permissions to make arbitrary HTTP requests from the Kyverno admission controller. This enables unauthorized access to internal services in other namespaces, cloud metadata endpoints (169.254.169.254), and data exfiltration via policy error messages.

Kyverno APICall SSRF Vulnerability Leading to Multi-Tenant Isolation Breach

Kyverno's APICall feature contains a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability that allows users with Policy creation permissions to access arbitrary internal resources through Kyverno's high-privilege ServiceAccount. In multi-tenant Kubernetes environments, this constitutes a classic Confused Deputy problem: low-privilege tenants can steal sensitive data from other tenants (such as database passwords and API keys) and cloud platform IAM credentials, completely breaking tenant isolation. This vulnerability does not require cluster-admin privileges and …

kyverno apicall servicecall implicit bearer token injection leaks kyverno serviceaccount token

kyverno’s apiCall servicecall helper implicitly injects Authorization: Bearer … using the kyverno controller serviceaccount token when a policy does not explicitly set an Authorization header. because context.apiCall.service.url is policy-controlled, this can send the kyverno serviceaccount token to an attacker-controlled endpoint (confused deputy). namespaced policies are blocked from servicecall usage by the namespaced urlPath gate in pkg/engine/apicall/apiCall.go, so this report is scoped to ClusterPolicy and global context usage.

kyverno apicall servicecall implicit bearer token injection leaks kyverno serviceaccount token

kyverno’s apiCall servicecall helper implicitly injects Authorization: Bearer … using the kyverno controller serviceaccount token when a policy does not explicitly set an Authorization header. because context.apiCall.service.url is policy-controlled, this can send the kyverno serviceaccount token to an attacker-controlled endpoint (confused deputy). namespaced policies are blocked from servicecall usage by the namespaced urlPath gate in pkg/engine/apicall/apiCall.go, so this report is scoped to ClusterPolicy and global context usage.

Kiota: Code Generation Literal Injection

Kiota versions prior to 1.31.1 are affected by a code-generation literal injection vulnerability in multiple writer sinks (for example: serialization/deserialization keys, path/query parameter mappings, URL template metadata, enum/property metadata, and default value emission). When malicious values from an OpenAPI description are emitted into generated source without context-appropriate escaping, an attacker can break out of string literals and inject additional code into generated clients.

Kiota: Code Generation Literal Injection

Kiota versions prior to 1.31.1 are affected by a code-generation literal injection vulnerability in multiple writer sinks (for example: serialization/deserialization keys, path/query parameter mappings, URL template metadata, enum/property metadata, and default value emission). When malicious values from an OpenAPI description are emitted into generated source without context-appropriate escaping, an attacker can break out of string literals and inject additional code into generated clients.

Kimai leaks API Token Hash via Invoice Twig Template

The Twig sandbox used for invoice templates blocks certain sensitive User methods (password, TOTP secret, etc.) via a blocklist in StrictPolicy::checkMethodAllowed(). However, getApiToken() and getPlainApiToken() are not on the blocklist. An admin who creates an invoice template can embed calls to these methods, causing the bcrypt or sodium hashed API password of any user who generates an invoice using that template to be included in the rendered output. Only relevant …

Kimai has an Open Redirect via Unvalidated RelayState in SAML ACS Handler

The SAML authentication success handler in Kimai returns the RelayState POST parameter as a redirect destination without validating the host or scheme. After a user successfully authenticates via SAML, they are redirected to an attacker-controlled URL if the IdP includes a malicious RelayState value. This enables phishing attacks that steal credentials or session tokens post-SSO. Requires SAML to be enabled (non-default configuration).

Keycloak: Arbitrary code execution via Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in organization selection login page

A flaw was found in Keycloak, specifically in the organization selection login page. A remote attacker with manage-realm or manage-organizations administrative privileges can exploit a Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability. This flaw occurs because the organization.alias is placed into an inline JavaScript onclick handler, allowing a crafted JavaScript payload to execute in a user's browser when they view the login page. Successful exploitation enables arbitrary JavaScript execution, potentially leading to …

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') in @vendure/core

An unauthenticated SQL injection vulnerability exists in the Vendure Shop API. A user-controlled query string parameter is interpolated directly into a raw SQL expression without parameterization or validation, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary SQL against the database. This affects all supported database backends (PostgreSQL, MySQL/MariaDB, SQLite). The Admin API is also affected, though exploitation there requires authentication.

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') in excel-mcp-server

A path traversal vulnerability exists in excel-mcp-server versions up to and including 0.1.7. When running in SSE or Streamable-HTTP transport mode (the documented way to use this server remotely), an unauthenticated attacker on the network can read, write, and overwrite arbitrary files on the host filesystem by supplying crafted filepath arguments to any of the 25 exposed MCP tool handlers. The server is intended to confine file operations to a …